Lakshmibai

Lakshmibai - Queen of Diamonds
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♦ Queen of Diamonds Spades Deck
Cardstock Linen Blue Core
Format Bridge (57 × 89 mm)
Suits French-suited cards
Finish Linen Finish

Lakshmibai

India  ·  Maratha  ·  c. 1828 – 1858

She was born Manikarnika Tambe in Varanasi in 1828, the daughter of a court adviser to the Maratha Peshwa. Growing up in the Peshwa’s household, she was given an unusual education for a girl of that era: riding, sword fighting, archery, and strategy alongside the boys of the court. She was fourteen when she married the Maharaja of Jhansi and became Lakshmibai. She was twenty-three when her infant son died. She was twenty-five when her husband died, leaving no male heir.

The British East India Company moved immediately. Under the Doctrine of Lapse, any princely state without a direct male heir could be annexed by the Company. Lakshmibai had adopted a son, Damodar Rao, as her husband lay dying. The Company refused to recognise him. Jhansi was annexed, and Lakshmibai was expelled from the palace and granted a pension. She refused to accept it: she petitioned, she negotiated, and she appealed to London. Nothing worked. When the Indian Rebellion broke out in May 1857, she was ready.

“I shall not give up my Jhansi.”

Lakshmibai, Rani of Jhansi

The British besieged Jhansi in March 1858. She held the city for two weeks with a force vastly outnumbered by General Hugh Rose’s army, directing the defence from the fort walls herself. When the city finally fell, she escaped at night with her adopted son tied to her back, on horseback, through enemy lines. She rode to Kalpi, where she joined other rebel commanders and their troops, before advancing on Gwalior to continue the fight.

On 18 June 1858, at Kotah-ki-Serai near Gwalior, she was fatally wounded in battle. She was disguised as a male soldier. She was twenty-nine years old. The rebellion was crushed. Jhansi remained British. But her name did not disappear with her.

Rani of Jhansi Rani is Sanskrit for “queen”. Jhansi was an independent Maratha-ruled princely state annexed by the British under the Doctrine of Lapse. Indian Rebellion 1857 The major 1857–1858 uprising against British East India Company rule across northern India, remembered as India’s First War of Independence. Veerangana Hindi for “heroic woman” or “warrior queen” (veer = brave, angana = woman). India’s traditional title of honor for brave female leaders.
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Timeline

1828 Born Manikarnika Tambe in Varanasi
1842 Marries Maharaja Gangadhar Rao of Jhansi and takes the name Lakshmibai
1851 Gives birth to a son, Damodar Rao, who tragically dies after just four months
Nov 1853 The royal couple adopts a young cousin, Anand Rao (renamed Damodar Rao), as lawful heir. The Maharaja dies shortly after
1854 The British East India Company rejects the adopted heir and annexes Jhansi under the Doctrine of Lapse. Lakshmibai is forced from the palace
May 1857 The Indian Rebellion breaks out. As local troops in Jhansi mutiny, Lakshmibai takes over administration to restore order
March 1858 British forces under General Hugh Rose besiege Jhansi. She defends the fortress for two weeks before the British breach the walls
April 1858 Escapes the fortress at night on 4 April on horseback with her young son tied to her back, riding to Kalpi to join rebel commanders
May 1858 Rebel forces are defeated at the Battle of Kalpi by General Rose’s troops, leaving the army disorganized
June 1858 Led by Lakshmibai, the rebels seize the formidable fortress of Gwalior on 1 June after the Maharaja’s troops defect
June 1858 British forces attack Gwalior. Fighting on the front lines at Kotah-ki-Serai disguised as a male soldier, she is mortally wounded and dies on 18 June 1858, aged 29. Followers cremate her body immediately to prevent capture

Dates follow the Gregorian calendar

✦ Did you know?

British General Sir Hugh Rose praised Lakshmibai after her death in official dispatches. His most celebrated remark remains: “Here lay the woman who was the only man among the rebels.”

In his military reports, he called her a remarkably dangerous and steadfast adversary, commending her as the bravest and best military leader of the entire rebellion.

Her defiance lives on at your table

The queens in traditional decks were never monarchs in life. Lakshmibai was. She takes her place as the Queen of Diamonds in our Spades Deck, alongside 13 other historical figures on the court cards.

Explore the Spades Deck →

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